Permanent Teeth: Growth, Maintenance, and Addressing Common Issues

Our teeth are essential for many daily functions, from the basic act of eating to the nuances of speaking clearly. Beyond functionality, they also play a significant role in our appearance and self-esteem.

This article aims to shed light on permanent teeth, their development, maintenance, and some of the concerns that accompany them, such as replacing lost teeth and teeth whitening.

What Are Permanent Teeth?

Human teeth are divided into two sets: primary (or baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Permanent teeth are the second set of teeth that we get after our primary teeth fall out. As their name suggests, they are meant to last a lifetime. However, due to various factors such as decay, injury, or lifestyle, this is not always the case.

When Do Permanent Teeth Come In?

The transition from primary to permanent teeth is a significant phase in our dental development. The eruption age of permanent teeth typically begins around the age of six and can continue until the age of 21, when the last molars, known as wisdom teeth, often emerge. Here’s a more detailed look at the timeline:

• The first permanent teeth to appear are usually the lower central incisors and the first molars, right behind the baby teeth.
• Over the next few years, the remaining front teeth, canines, and premolars will replace the primary teeth.
• Finally, the second and third molars (wisdom teeth) will come in, completing the set of 32 permanent teeth in a full adult mouth.

How to Recognize the Eruption of Permanent Teeth

As permanent teeth begin to erupt, it’s common for children to experience some discomfort, including sore gums and a slight fever. You might also notice the teeth coming in behind the primary teeth, which can cause temporary crowding and misalignment.

Eruption Age of Permanent Teeth

The eruption age of permanent teeth can vary from one child to another. However, there is a general timeline that most children follow:

• Ages 6-7: The first permanent molars and lower central incisors
• Ages 7-8: Upper central incisors
• Ages 8-10: Lower and upper lateral incisors
• Ages 10-12: First premolars (bicuspids) and upper canines (cuspid)
• Ages 11-13: Second premolars and lower canines
• Ages 12-13: Second molars
• Ages 17-21: Third molars (wisdom teeth)

Remember that this is a general guide, and some children may experience earlier or later eruptions. If you have concerns about the timing of your child’s teeth eruption, it’s best to consult a dentist.

Caring for Permanent Teeth

Once permanent teeth come in, they need to last a lifetime, so taking care of them is crucial. Here are some tips for maintaining healthy permanent teeth:

• Brush at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste to prevent decay.
• Floss daily to remove plaque and food particles between teeth.
• Eat a balanced diet and limit sugary snacks and drinks.
• Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings.
• Use mouthguards during sports to prevent injury.

Instilling good oral hygiene habits from a young age is key to ensuring the longevity of permanent teeth.

Replacing Permanent Teeth

Sometimes, despite our best efforts, permanent teeth can be lost or need to be extracted. This can result from decay, gum disease, trauma, or other health issues. When this happens, replacing permanent teeth becomes necessary to maintain oral function and aesthetics. There are several options for replacing missing teeth:

• Dental Implants: These are a popular and effective long-term solution for replacing missing teeth. They involve the surgical insertion of a metal post into the jawbone, which acts as an anchor for a false tooth.
• Bridges: Dental bridges “bridge” the gap created by one or more missing teeth. They are anchored to adjacent teeth and can be a cost-effective option.
• Dentures: For those missing several teeth or all of their teeth, dentures are a removable option that can restore the look and function of the mouth.

Each tooth replacement option comes with its own set of considerations, including cost, durability, and care requirements. It’s essential to discuss these with your dentist to determine the best choice for your individual needs.

Permanent Teeth Whitening

Over time, permanent teeth can become discolored due to various factors such as food, drinks, smoking, or simply aging. Permanent teeth whitening is a popular cosmetic procedure that can help restore the natural color of your teeth or even make them whiter than they originally were. The most common methods include:

• Professional Teeth Whitening: Performed by a dentist using high-concentration bleaching gels that provide immediate results.
• At-Home Whitening Kits: Over-the-counter products such as strips, gels, or trays that can be used at home. These usually require multiple applications and offer gradual results.
• Whitening Toothpaste: Designed for daily use, these toothpaste help to remove surface stains and can be a cost-effective way to maintain whiter teeth.

It’s important to note that teeth whitening is not suitable for everyone. For instance, it may not be effective on dental restorations such as crowns or veneers. Consulting with your dentist before undergoing any whitening treatment is essential to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many permanent teeth do adults normally have?

Adults typically have 32 permanent teeth, which include 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, and 12 molars (which includes 4 wisdom teeth).

At what age do permanent teeth usually start to come in?

Permanent teeth usually start to come in around the age of 6, beginning with the first molars and lower central incisors.

Can permanent teeth grow back if they are lost?

No, once permanent teeth are lost, they cannot grow back. However, there are dental treatments like implants, bridges, or dentures that can replace them.

How can I keep my permanent teeth healthy?

To keep your permanent teeth healthy, brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, floss daily, eat a balanced diet, avoid tobacco, and visit your dentist regularly for checkups and cleanings.

What should I do if one of my permanent teeth is knocked out?

If a permanent tooth is knocked out, try to place it back in the socket without touching the root. If that’s not possible, keep it moist in milk or saliva and see a dentist immediately. Time is critical for the tooth to be successfully re-implanted.

Why do my permanent teeth look yellow?

Teeth can look yellow due to various reasons including genetics, thinning enamel revealing the dentin beneath, stains from food and drink, smoking, or poor dental hygiene.

Are wisdom teeth considered permanent teeth?

Yes, wisdom teeth are considered permanent teeth. They are the last to come in, usually during the late teens or early twenties.

What are the most common problems with permanent teeth?

Common problems with permanent teeth include cavities, gum disease, sensitivity, teeth grinding, and misalignment.

Can I straighten my permanent teeth if they are crooked?

Yes, you can straighten crooked permanent teeth. Orthodontic treatments like braces or clear aligners are commonly used to correct misalignments.

Do I still need to see a dentist if I have no natural permanent teeth left?

Yes, even if you have no natural permanent teeth left and use dentures, it’s important to see a dentist regularly to check for issues with your gums, jawbone, and dentures, and for oral cancer screenings.

Conclusion

Permanent teeth play a crucial role in our lives, not just for their functional purpose but also for our overall well-being and confidence. Understanding the eruption age of permanent teeth, how to care for them, the options for replacing permanent teeth, and the possibilities of permanent teeth whitening can help us maintain a healthy and bright smile throughout our lives. With the right care and attention, it’s possible to keep our permanent teeth in top condition, ensuring that they last as long as possible. Remember, regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices are the foundations of a healthy smile.

Whether you’re a parent guiding your child through the emergence of their permanent teeth or an adult seeking ways to replace or enhance your smile, the journey to understanding and maintaining dental health is a lifelong commitment. By staying informed and proactive about dental care, you can enjoy the benefits of a strong, functional, and radiant set of permanent teeth.